7. pre-quiz draft :)

I have read the Chapter on Race and Ethnicity from Sucourse for our reading-quiz. (Unfortunately i have read only from 313 to 320). And i have written some brief notes( i don't know it was inherently, i think i enjoyed a lot from article, and was trying to not forget some definitions). If i got the points wrong please let me know.
Race:
Race is a group that eliminated because of their bases of certain chracteristics.
Racial formation:
Is a process that a group of people is starting to called as a race.
For example, in Germany at Hitler's time, Jews have became to known as a race. This is racial formation.
Ethnic groups:
Who shares common culture, common norms, common history...
Here is a good example for formation of ethnic groups:
Italian Americans, before they immigrated to U.S.A, they were not together, and not formed a ethnic group. Because they were coming from different parts of Italia. From different families. But when they got together at U.S.A , they lived similar problems and saw same prejudices from others ,they formed a ethnic group because they were basically faced with the similar problems. This thing made them to come together.
Minority group: It is not related with amount. For example in South Africa until Nelson Mandela's election, although blacks were majority according to cencus ratios , they were accepted as a minority. Maybe this minority is related with not being clear at society, it carries abstract meaning.
There is 5 typical specialities of minorities:
1) They have certain alteration from the majority group and they have been seen like the "different"
2)It suffers prejudice and discrimination by majority group.
3)They have strong relationships with each-other.
4)Membership to this group is often ascribed not achieved.
5)They are not opened to others. They are marrying with theirselves etc.
Stereotypes:
It is more narrowed than, minorities, race, ethnic groups.
It is some system used to categorize people who take place in certain group.
Racial-ethnic stereotypes:
If some stereotype is belong to only one race, there becomes this concept.
For example , Polish people are represented as idiot in soap operas , jokes...
Salience Principle:
This is a judgement of humans by the initial prominents like nose shape, skin colour etc.
Stereotype interchangeability:
It can change place between some categorizations.
***Society is trying to make relationship between the group and its stereotype to explain their situation in public sphere.
Like African-Americans are lazy because of this ratio of employement is high among them.
***Do you know that Irish people used to known as a race in early twentieth century. They were accepted as a black-negros , even they were calling to African-Americans "smoked-irish" . So we can say it is not only something about skin-color ;)